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Music Begins
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Narrator: NOAA is preparing for a milestone satellite launch in 2024.
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GOES-U will be the fourth and final satellite in NOAA’s latest generation of
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geostationary operational environmental satellites called the GOES-R
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Series - the nations’s most advanced weather-observing and
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environmental monitoring satellite system.
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GOES satellites orbit 22,236 miles above Earth’s equator,
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at speeds equal to its rotation.
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This orbit provides continuous coverage of weather systems as they
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develop and move across the Western Hemisphere.
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Narrator: GOES-U, which will be renamed GOES-19 when it reaches
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orbit, will replace the current GOES-16 satellite in the GOES East orbit.
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In this position, GOES-U will continue GOES East’s legacy of keeping
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watch over the contiguous United States, Central and South America, and
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the Atlantic Ocean.
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Like the three other GOES-R Series satellites already in orbit, GOES-U will
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provide near real-time, high-resolution imagery that will deliver critical
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information for weather forecasts, severe weather prediction, lightning detection,
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space weather and tropical cyclones spinning in the Atlantic basin.
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Ken Graham: It’s going to be great when, you know,
when we get into the orbit of GOES-East
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because you’ll be able to see, you know, we start seeing the
continental United States,
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but also out into the Atlantic, to the African coast because if you think
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about it , working at the Hurricane Center as I did, you need to be able to
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see some of the earliest initiation of some of these tropical systems.
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Narrator: And like the rest of the GOES-R Series satellites, GOES-U will
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include the Advanced Baseline Imager, or ABI.
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It is the primary instrument NOAA uses to image Earth’s weather, climate,
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oceans and the environment from geostationary orbit.
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Pam Sullivan: Yeah, ABI really rocks. Um. ABI is the primary camera on
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the GOES-R Series. Umm, and it has a very large focal plane.
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And what that does for the instrument is it can look at very wide areas of Earth.
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And so, because it can do that, it can scan very, very fast.
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What that means for the forecasters is they can look at a storm or other area
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of interest as often as once every 30 seconds.
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Music
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And when you can do it that fast, you know, the forecasters are
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really seeing that data in real time.
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Ken Graham: Yeah, the early detection is everything and having the
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instrumentation, and especially the rapid scan.
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To be able to have information quickly.
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Ah, because we have something that is such a challenge called
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rapid intensification where a hurricane’s just a band of clouds
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becomes a strong system so quickly.
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So, the more information and the more data we get, the quicker
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that we get that information, the better we can do making that forecast and
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getting that information into the models for a better forecast.
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So, having that rapid information and clarity that we’re getting in the new
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instrumentation, it’s just a game changer for the forecasters.
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Narrator: And along with the other GOES-R Series satellites, GOES-U will
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have the Geostationary Lightning Mapper, or G L M. The first operational
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lightning mapper flown in geostationary orbit.
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GLM identifies the location, frequency and extent of lightning over the
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Americas and surrounding waters, which can help forecasters understand
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how thunderstorms and tropical cyclones may be changing in intensity.
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And since its inclusion as a part of the GOES-R Series satellites, GLM has
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continued to provide new insights.
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Pam Sullivan: We found it could actually distinguish between sort of your
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average lightning strike and the ones that are more dangerous, the ones
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that are continuing current, and those are very long lightning strikes that
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are most likely to cause a fire.
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Ken Graham: Having technology in the GOES satellite, whether it’s
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GOES-R or GOES-U and future technology, early detection is everything.
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And we think about a satellite, the first thing you think of is, is a cloud.
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We see more than clouds. And, and the lightning detection is a key to some
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of our early warnings for the fire weather community.
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So, a lightning strike in, in a dry area in a time of that year could cause a fire,
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that’s an indicator to us that, that there could be a potential fire started..
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Narrator: Along with the suite of instruments on board NOAA’s other
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GOES-R Series satellites, GOES-U will carry something new when it
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launches. A critical space weather instrument called the
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Compact Coronagraph-1, or CCOR-1.
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CCOR-1 will be the third solar instrument on the satellite and it will image
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the outer layer of the Sun’s atmosphere.
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Elsayed Talaat: The compact coronagraph is a solar telescope that blocks
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the disc of the Sun, so the, the main ball of the Sun. So that we can look at
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the fainter outer atmosphere of the Sun called the corona.
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And that’s where extreme space weather events originate.
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Narrator: Being able to monitor the Sun’s corona helps scientists detect and
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characterize coronal mass ejections that can spark geomagnetic storms
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here on Earth. Those are the costliest type of space weather events and can
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widepsread damage to power grids, satellites, and communication and
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navigation systems.
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Elsayed Talaat: It’s very important for us to measure space weather effects
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and be able to model and provide warnings, forecasts, and alerts..uh.
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For space weather, uh, to protect our technological society.
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Basically, extreme space weather can touch all aspects of our economy
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and life and property here on Earth.
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I’m extremely excited about the compact coronagraph that we’re going to
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fly on the GOES-U satellite. This is a game-changer for our forecast
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capabilities here at NOAA in the Space Weather Prediction Center.
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Having that data allows us to more reliably predict when these large solar
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storms are going, or how they propagate towards Earth and whether or not
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they’re going to, uh, affect us here on Earth in a significant way.
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Narrator: With CCOR-1 and six other high-tech instruments on board,
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GOES-U will continue NOAA’s legacy to help scientists and forecasters
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understand, monitor and predict our changing environment,
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from the oceans to outer space.
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The GOES Series of satellites supports NOAA’s mission to provide secure,
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and timely access to global environmental data and information from
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satellites and other sources to promote and protect the Nation’s security,
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environment, economy, and quality of life.
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GOES-U Logo
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NOAA Logo and NASA Meatball